fix(cli): Explicitly cache NPM packages during deno install (#24190)

Fixes a regression introduced in
https://github.com/denoland/deno/pull/24170, where we wouldn't actually
set up the node modules dir on `deno install` if there was an up to date
deno lockfile present.

Previously we were relying on the fact that resolving pending module
resolution called `cache_packages` (which sets up the node modules dir).
When pending resolutions were removed, and the `resolve_pending`
function with it, we also removed the `cache_packages` call needed to
set up node modules.

cli/module_loader.rs

@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ pub async fn load_top_level_deps(factory: &CliFactory) -> Result<(), AnyError> {
   let npm_resolver = factory.npm_resolver().await?;
   if let Some(npm_resolver) = npm_resolver.as_managed() {
     npm_resolver.ensure_top_level_package_json_install().await?;
+    // TODO(nathanwhit): we call `cache_packages` if the lockfile is modified,
+    // so by calling it here it's possible we end up calling it twice
+    npm_resolver.cache_packages().await?;
   }
   // cache as many entries in the import map as we can
   if let Some(import_map) = factory.maybe_import_map().await? {

tests/specs/install/future_install_node_modules/__test__.jsonc

@@ -25,6 +25,44 @@
         }
       ]
     },
+    "install_sets_up_node_modules_with_lockfile": {
+      "tempDir": true,
+      "envs": {
+        "DENO_FUTURE": "1"
+      },
+      "steps": [
+        {
+          "args": "install",
+          "output": "install.out"
+        },
+        {
+          // check for lockfile
+          "args": [
+            "eval",
+            "console.log(Deno.readTextFileSync('./deno.lock').trim())"
+          ],
+          "output": "deno.lock.out"
+        },
+        {
+          // remove the lockfile
+          "args": [
+            "eval",
+            "Deno.removeSync('node_modules', {recursive: true});"
+          ],
+          "output": ""
+        },
+        {
+          // install, this time should use the lockfile
+          "args": "install",
+          "output": "install_lockfile.out"
+        },
+        {
+          // make sure we created the node_modules dir
+          "args": ["eval", "Deno.statSync('node_modules')"],
+          "output": ""
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "install_errors_corrupted_lockfile": {
       "tempDir": true,
       "envs": {

tests/specs/install/future_install_node_modules/install_lockfile.out

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+⚠️ `deno install` behavior will change in Deno 2. To preserve the current behavior use the `-g` or `--global` flag.
+Initialize @denotest/esm-basic@1.0.0

tests/specs/npm/npmrc_not_next_to_package_json/main.out

@@ -4,3 +4,4 @@
 [WILDCARD]
 Download http://localhost:4260/@denotest/esm-basic/1.0.0.tgz
 Initialize @denotest/esm-basic@1.0.0
+[WILDCARD]