doc: Improve API documentation and add examples (#4548)

cli/js/lib.deno.ns.d.ts

@@ -24,15 +24,70 @@ declare namespace Deno {
 
   /** Register a test which will be run when `deno test` is used on the command
    * line and the containing module looks like a test module, or explicitly
-   * when `Deno.runTests` is used */
+   * when `Deno.runTests` is used.  `fn` can be async if required.
+   *
+   *          import {assert, fail, assertEquals} from "https://deno.land/std/testing/asserts.ts";
+   *
+   *          Deno.test({
+   *            name: "example test",
+   *            fn(): void {
+   *              assertEquals("world", "world");
+   *            },
+   *          });
+   *
+   *          Deno.test({
+   *            name: "example ignored test",
+   *            ignore: Deno.build.os === "win"
+   *            fn(): void {
+   *              //This test is ignored only on Windows machines
+   *            },
+   *          });
+   *
+   *          Deno.test({
+   *            name: "example async test",
+   *            async fn() {
+   *              const decoder = new TextDecoder("utf-8");
+   *              const data = await Deno.readFile("hello_world.txt");
+   *              assertEquals(decoder.decode(data), "Hello world")
+   *            }
+   *          });
+   */
   export function test(t: TestDefinition): void;
+
   /** Register a test which will be run when `deno test` is used on the command
    * line and the containing module looks like a test module, or explicitly
-   * when `Deno.runTests` is used */
+   * when `Deno.runTests` is used
+   *
+   *        import {assert, fail, assertEquals} from "https://deno.land/std/testing/asserts.ts";
+   *
+   *        Deno.test(function myTestFunction():void {
+   *          assertEquals("hello", "hello");
+   *        });
+   *
+   *        Deno.test(async function myAsyncTestFunction():Promise<void> {
+   *          const decoder = new TextDecoder("utf-8");
+   *          const data = await Deno.readFile("hello_world.txt");
+   *          assertEquals(decoder.decode(data), "Hello world")
+   *        });
+   **/
   export function test(fn: TestFunction): void;
+
   /** Register a test which will be run when `deno test` is used on the command
    * line and the containing module looks like a test module, or explicitly
-   * when `Deno.runTests` is used */
+   * when `Deno.runTests` is used
+   *
+   *        import {assert, fail, assertEquals} from "https://deno.land/std/testing/asserts.ts";
+   *
+   *        Deno.test("My test description", ():void => {
+   *          assertEquals("hello", "hello");
+   *        });
+   *
+   *        Deno.test("My async test description", async ():Promise<void> => {
+   *          const decoder = new TextDecoder("utf-8");
+   *          const data = await Deno.readFile("hello_world.txt");
+   *          assertEquals(decoder.decode(data), "Hello world")
+   *        });
+   * */
   export function test(name: string, fn: TestFunction): void;
 
   enum TestStatus {
@@ -118,8 +173,24 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     reporter?: TestReporter;
   }
 
-  /** Run any tests which have been registered. Always resolves
-   * asynchronously. */
+  /** Run any tests which have been registered via `Deno.test()`. Always resolves
+   * asynchronously.
+   *
+   *        //Register test
+   *        Deno.test({
+   *          name: "example test",
+   *          fn(): void {
+   *            assertEquals("world", "world");
+   *            assertEquals({ hello: "world" }, { hello: "world" });
+   *          },
+   *        });
+   *
+   *        //Run tests
+   *        const runInfo = await Deno.runTests();
+   *        console.log(runInfo.duration);  // all tests duration, e.g. "5" (in ms)
+   *        console.log(runInfo.stats.passed);  //e.g. 1
+   *        console.log(runInfo.results[0].name);  //e.g. "example test"
+   */
   export function runTests(
     opts?: RunTestsOptions
   ): Promise<{
@@ -395,10 +466,17 @@ declare namespace Deno {
   export function chdir(directory: string): void;
 
   /**
-   * **UNSTABLE**: New API. Maybe needs permissions.
+   * **UNSTABLE**: New API, yet to be vetted.  This API is under consideration to
+   * determine if permissions are required to call it.
    *
-   * If `mask` is provided, sets the process umask. Always returns what the umask
-   * was before the call.
+   * Retrieve the process umask.  If `mask` is provided, sets the process umask.
+   * This call always returns what the umask was before the call.
+   *
+   *        console.log(Deno.umask());  //e.g. 18 (0o022)
+   *        const prevUmaskValue = Deno.umask(0o077);  //e.g. 18 (0o022)
+   *        console.log(Deno.umask());  //e.g. 63 (0o077)
+   *
+   * NOTE:  This API is not implemented on Windows
    */
   export function umask(mask?: number): number;
 
@@ -540,7 +618,7 @@ declare namespace Deno {
    */
   export function copy(dst: Writer, src: Reader): Promise<number>;
 
-  /** Turns `r` into async iterator.
+  /** Turns a Reader, `r`, into an async iterator.
    *
    *      for await (const chunk of toAsyncIterator(reader)) {
    *        console.log(chunk);
@@ -626,6 +704,7 @@ declare namespace Deno {
    *      const buf = new Uint8Array(100);
    *      const numberOfBytesRead = Deno.readSync(file.rid, buf); // 11 bytes
    *      const text = new TextDecoder().decode(buf);  // "hello world"
+   *      Deno.close(file.rid);
    */
   export function readSync(rid: number, p: Uint8Array): number | EOF;
 
@@ -635,39 +714,59 @@ declare namespace Deno {
    * File (`Symbol(EOF)`) if there was nothing to read.
    *
    *      // if "/foo/bar.txt" contains the text "hello world":
-   *       const file = await Deno.open("/foo/bar.txt");
-   *       const buf = new Uint8Array(100);
-   *       const numberOfBytesRead = await Deno.read(file.rid, buf); // 11 bytes
-   *       const text = new TextDecoder().decode(buf);  // "hello world"
+   *      const file = await Deno.open("/foo/bar.txt");
+   *      const buf = new Uint8Array(100);
+   *      const numberOfBytesRead = await Deno.read(file.rid, buf); // 11 bytes
+   *      const text = new TextDecoder().decode(buf);  // "hello world"
+   *      Deno.close(file.rid);
    */
   export function read(rid: number, p: Uint8Array): Promise<number | EOF>;
 
-  /** Synchronously write to the resource ID the contents of the array buffer.
+  /** Synchronously write to the resource ID (`rid`) the contents of the array buffer.
    *
-   * Resolves to the number of bytes written.
+   * Returns the number of bytes written.
    *
    *       const encoder = new TextEncoder();
-   *       const data = encoder.encode("Hello world\n");
+   *       const data = encoder.encode("Hello world");
    *       const file = Deno.openSync("/foo/bar.txt");
-   *       Deno.writeSync(file.rid, data);
+   *       const bytesWritten = Deno.writeSync(file.rid, data); // 11
+   *       Deno.close(file.rid);
    */
   export function writeSync(rid: number, p: Uint8Array): number;
 
-  /** Write to the resource ID the contents of the array buffer.
+  /** Write to the resource ID (`rid`) the contents of the array buffer.
    *
    * Resolves to the number of bytes written.
    *
    *      const encoder = new TextEncoder();
-   *      const data = encoder.encode("Hello world\n");
+   *      const data = encoder.encode("Hello world");
    *      const file = await Deno.open("/foo/bar.txt");
-   *      await Deno.write(file.rid, data);
+   *      const bytesWritten = await Deno.write(file.rid, data); // 11
+   *      Deno.close(file.rid);
    */
   export function write(rid: number, p: Uint8Array): Promise<number>;
 
-  /** Synchronously seek a file ID to the given offset under mode given by `whence`.
+  /** Synchronously seek a resource ID (`rid`) to the given `offset` under mode
+   * given by `whence`.  The current position within the resource is returned.
    *
-   *       const file = Deno.openSync("/foo/bar.txt");
-   *       Deno.seekSync(file.rid, 0, 0);
+   *        const file = Deno.openSync('hello.txt', {read: true, write: true, truncate: true, create: true});
+   *        Deno.writeSync(file.rid, new TextEncoder().encode("Hello world"));
+   *        //advance cursor 6 bytes
+   *        const cursorPosition = Deno.seekSync(file.rid, 6, Deno.SeekMode.SEEK_START);
+   *        console.log(cursorPosition);  // 6
+   *        const buf = new Uint8Array(100);
+   *        file.readSync(buf);
+   *        console.log(new TextDecoder().decode(buf)); // "world"
+   *
+   * The seek modes work as follows:
+   *
+   *        //Given file.rid pointing to file with "Hello world", which is 11 bytes long:
+   *        //Seek 6 bytes from the start of the file
+   *        console.log(Deno.seekSync(file.rid, 6, Deno.SeekMode.SEEK_START)); //"6"
+   *        //Seek 2 more bytes from the current position
+   *        console.log(Deno.seekSync(file.rid, 2, Deno.SeekMode.SEEK_CURRENT)); //"8"
+   *        //Seek backwards 2 bytes from the end of the file
+   *        console.log(Deno.seekSync(file.rid, -2, Deno.SeekMode.SEEK_END)); //"9" (e.g. 11-2)
    */
   export function seekSync(
     rid: number,
@@ -675,10 +774,27 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     whence: SeekMode
   ): number;
 
-  /** Seek a file ID to the given offset under mode given by `whence`.
+  /** Seek a resource ID (`rid`) to the given `offset` under mode given by `whence`.
+   * The call resolves to the current position within the resource.
    *
-   *      const file = await Deno.open("/foo/bar.txt");
-   *      await Deno.seek(file.rid, 0, 0);
+   *        const file = await Deno.open('hello.txt', {read: true, write: true, truncate: true, create: true});
+   *        await Deno.write(file.rid, new TextEncoder().encode("Hello world"));
+   *        //advance cursor 6 bytes
+   *        const cursorPosition = await Deno.seek(file.rid, 6, Deno.SeekMode.SEEK_START);
+   *        console.log(cursorPosition);  // 6
+   *        const buf = new Uint8Array(100);
+   *        await file.read(buf);
+   *        console.log(new TextDecoder().decode(buf)); // "world"
+   *
+   * The seek modes work as follows:
+   *
+   *        //Given file.rid pointing to file with "Hello world", which is 11 bytes long:
+   *        //Seek 6 bytes from the start of the file
+   *        console.log(await Deno.seek(file.rid, 6, Deno.SeekMode.SEEK_START)); //"6"
+   *        //Seek 2 more bytes from the current position
+   *        console.log(await Deno.seek(file.rid, 2, Deno.SeekMode.SEEK_CURRENT)); //"8"
+   *        //Seek backwards 2 bytes from the end of the file
+   *        console.log(await Deno.seek(file.rid, -2, Deno.SeekMode.SEEK_END)); //"9" (e.g. 11-2)
    */
   export function seek(
     rid: number,
@@ -789,7 +905,14 @@ declare namespace Deno {
 
   /** **UNSTABLE**: new API, yet to be vetted
    *
-   *  Set TTY to be under raw mode or not. */
+   * Set TTY to be under raw mode or not. In raw mode, characters are read and
+   * returned as is, without being processed. All special processing of
+   * characters by the terminal is disabled, including echoing input characters.
+   * Reading from a TTY device in raw mode is faster than reading from a TTY
+   * device in canonical mode.
+   *
+   *       Deno.setRaw(myTTY.rid, true);
+   */
   export function setRaw(rid: number, mode: boolean): void;
 
   /** A variable-sized buffer of bytes with `read()` and `write()` methods.
@@ -868,6 +991,7 @@ declare namespace Deno {
    *       //Example from file
    *       const file = await Deno.open("my_file.txt", {read: true});
    *       const myFileContent = await Deno.readAll(file);
+   *       Deno.close(file.rid);
    *
    *       //Example from buffer
    *       const myData = new Uint8Array(100);
@@ -896,10 +1020,45 @@ declare namespace Deno {
    */
   export function readAllSync(r: SyncReader): Uint8Array;
 
-  /** Write all the content of `arr` to `w`. */
+  /** Write all the content of the array buffer (`arr`) to the writer (`w`).
+   *
+   *       //Example writing to stdout
+   *       const contentBytes = new TextEncoder().encode("Hello World");
+   *       await Deno.writeAll(Deno.stdout, contentBytes);
+   *
+   *       //Example writing to file
+   *       const contentBytes = new TextEncoder().encode("Hello World");
+   *       const file = await Deno.open('test.file', {write: true});
+   *       await Deno.writeAll(file, contentBytes);
+   *       Deno.close(file.rid);
+   *
+   *       //Example writing to buffer
+   *       const contentBytes = new TextEncoder().encode("Hello World");
+   *       const writer = new Deno.Buffer();
+   *       await Deno.writeAll(writer, contentBytes);
+   *       console.log(writer.bytes().length);  // 11
+   */
   export function writeAll(w: Writer, arr: Uint8Array): Promise<void>;
 
-  /** Synchronously write all the content of `arr` to `w`. */
+  /** Synchronously write all the content of the array buffer (`arr`) to the
+   * writer (`w`).
+   *
+   *       //Example writing to stdout
+   *       const contentBytes = new TextEncoder().encode("Hello World");
+   *       Deno.writeAllSync(Deno.stdout, contentBytes);
+   *
+   *       //Example writing to file
+   *       const contentBytes = new TextEncoder().encode("Hello World");
+   *       const file = Deno.openSync('test.file', {write: true});
+   *       Deno.writeAllSync(file, contentBytes);
+   *       Deno.close(file.rid);
+   *
+   *       //Example writing to buffer
+   *       const contentBytes = new TextEncoder().encode("Hello World");
+   *       const writer = new Deno.Buffer();
+   *       Deno.writeAllSync(writer, contentBytes);
+   *       console.log(writer.bytes().length);  // 11
+   */
   export function writeAllSync(w: SyncWriter, arr: Uint8Array): void;
 
   export interface MkdirOptions {
@@ -1105,9 +1264,9 @@ declare namespace Deno {
 
   /** **UNSTABLE**: needs investigation into high precision time.
    *
-   * Synchronously changes the access and modification times of a file system
-   * object referenced by `path`. Given times are either in seconds (UNIX epoch
-   * time) or as `Date` objects.
+   * Synchronously changes the access (`atime`) and modification (`mtime`) times
+   * of a file system object referenced by `path`. Given times are either in
+   * seconds (UNIX epoch time) or as `Date` objects.
    *
    *       Deno.utimeSync("myfile.txt", 1556495550, new Date());
    *
@@ -1120,9 +1279,9 @@ declare namespace Deno {
 
   /** **UNSTABLE**: needs investigation into high precision time.
    *
-   * Changes the access and modification times of a file system object
-   * referenced by `path`. Given times are either in seconds (UNIX epoch time)
-   * or as `Date` objects.
+   * Changes the access (`atime`) and modification (`mtime`) times of a file
+   * system object referenced by `path`. Given times are either in seconds
+   * (UNIX epoch time) or as `Date` objects.
    *
    *       await Deno.utime("myfile.txt", 1556495550, new Date());
    *
@@ -1139,40 +1298,51 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     recursive?: boolean;
   }
 
-  /** Synchronously removes the named file or directory. Throws error if
-   * permission denied, path not found, or path is a non-empty directory and
-   * the `recursive` option isn't set to `true`.
+  /** Synchronously removes the named file or directory.
    *
-   *       Deno.removeSync("/path/to/dir/or/file", { recursive: false });
+   *       Deno.removeSync("/path/to/empty_dir/or/file");
+   *       Deno.removeSync("/path/to/populated_dir/or/file", { recursive: true });
+   *
+   * Throws error if permission denied, path not found, or path is a non-empty
+   * directory and the `recursive` option isn't set to `true`.
    *
    * Requires `allow-write` permission. */
   export function removeSync(path: string, options?: RemoveOptions): void;
 
-  /** Removes the named file or directory. Throws error if permission denied,
-   * path not found, or path is a non-empty directory and the `recursive`
-   * option isn't set to `true`.
+  /** Removes the named file or directory.
    *
-   *       await Deno.remove("/path/to/dir/or/file", { recursive: false });
+   *       await Deno.remove("/path/to/empty_dir/or/file");
+   *       await Deno.remove("/path/to/populated_dir/or/file", { recursive: true });
+   *
+   * Throws error if permission denied, path not found, or path is a non-empty
+   * directory and the `recursive` option isn't set to `true`.
    *
    * Requires `allow-write` permission. */
   export function remove(path: string, options?: RemoveOptions): Promise<void>;
 
-  /** Synchronously renames (moves) `oldpath` to `newpath`. If `newpath` already
-   * exists and is not a directory, `renameSync()` replaces it. OS-specific
-   * restrictions may apply when `oldpath` and `newpath` are in different
-   * directories.
+  /** Synchronously renames (moves) `oldpath` to `newpath`. Paths may be files or
+   * directories.  If `newpath` already exists and is not a directory,
+   * `renameSync()` replaces it. OS-specific restrictions may apply when
+   * `oldpath` and `newpath` are in different directories.
    *
    *       Deno.renameSync("old/path", "new/path");
    *
+   * Throws error if attempting to rename to a directory which exists and is not
+   * empty.
+   *
    * Requires `allow-read` and `allow-write` permissions. */
   export function renameSync(oldpath: string, newpath: string): void;
 
-  /** Renames (moves) `oldpath` to `newpath`. If `newpath` already exists and is
-   * not a directory, `rename()` replaces it. OS-specific restrictions may apply
-   * when `oldpath` and `newpath` are in different directories.
+  /** Renames (moves) `oldpath` to `newpath`.  Paths may be files or directories.
+   * If `newpath` already exists and is not a directory, `rename()` replaces it.
+   * OS-specific restrictions may apply when `oldpath` and `newpath` are in
+   * different directories.
    *
    *       await Deno.rename("old/path", "new/path");
    *
+   * Throws error if attempting to rename to a directory which exists and is not
+   * empty.
+   *
    * Requires `allow-read` and `allow-write`. */
   export function rename(oldpath: string, newpath: string): Promise<void>;
 
@@ -1266,16 +1436,26 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     isSymlink(): boolean;
   }
 
-  /** Returns absolute normalized path with, symbolic links resolved.
+  /** Returns absolute normalized path, with symbolic links resolved.
    *
-   *       const realPath = Deno.realpathSync("./some/path");
+   *       // e.g. given /home/alice/file.txt and current directory /home/alice
+   *       Deno.symlinkSync("file.txt", "symlink_file.txt");
+   *       const realPath = Deno.realpathSync("./file.txt");
+   *       const realSymLinkPath = Deno.realpathSync("./symlink_file.txt");
+   *       console.log(realPath);  // outputs "/home/alice/file.txt"
+   *       console.log(realSymLinkPath);  //outputs "/home/alice/file.txt"
    *
    * Requires `allow-read` permission. */
   export function realpathSync(path: string): string;
 
   /** Resolves to the absolute normalized path, with symbolic links resolved.
    *
-   *       const realPath = await Deno.realpath("./some/path");
+   *       // e.g. given /home/alice/file.txt and current directory /home/alice
+   *       await Deno.symlink("file.txt", "symlink_file.txt");
+   *       const realPath = await Deno.realpath("./file.txt");
+   *       const realSymLinkPath = await Deno.realpath("./symlink_file.txt");
+   *       console.log(realPath);  // outputs "/home/alice/file.txt"
+   *       console.log(realSymLinkPath);  //outputs "/home/alice/file.txt"
    *
    * Requires `allow-read` permission. */
   export function realpath(path: string): Promise<string>;
@@ -1397,9 +1577,12 @@ declare namespace Deno {
 
   /** **UNSTABLE**: `type` argument type may be changed to `"dir" | "file"`.
    *
-   * Creates `newpath` as a symbolic link to `oldpath`. The type argument can be
-   * set to `dir` or `file`. Is only available on Windows and ignored on other
-   * platforms.
+   * Creates `newpath` as a symbolic link to `oldpath`.
+   *
+   * The type argument can be set to `dir` or `file`. This argument is only
+   * available on Windows and ignored on other platforms.
+   *
+   * NOTE: This function is not yet implemented on Windows.
    *
    *       Deno.symlinkSync("old/name", "new/name");
    *
@@ -1410,11 +1593,14 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     type?: string
   ): void;
 
-  /** **UNSTABLE**: `type` argument may be changed to "dir" | "file"
+  /** **UNSTABLE**: `type` argument may be changed to `"dir" | "file"`
    *
-   * Creates `newpath` as a symbolic link to `oldpath`. The type argument can be
-   * set to `dir` or `file`. Is only available on Windows and ignored on other
-   * platforms.
+   * Creates `newpath` as a symbolic link to `oldpath`.
+   *
+   * The type argument can be set to `dir` or `file`. This argument is only
+   * available on Windows and ignored on other platforms.
+   *
+   * NOTE: This function is not yet implemented on Windows.
    *
    *       await Deno.symlink("old/name", "new/name");
    *
@@ -1437,14 +1623,18 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     mode?: number;
   }
 
-  /** Synchronously write data to the given path, by default creating a new
+  /** Synchronously write `data` to the given `path`, by default creating a new
    * file if needed, else overwriting.
    *
    *       const encoder = new TextEncoder();
    *       const data = encoder.encode("Hello world\n");
-   *       Deno.writeFileSync("hello.txt", data);
+   *       Deno.writeFileSync("hello1.txt", data);  //overwrite "hello.txt" or create it
+   *       Deno.writeFileSync("hello2.txt", data, {create: false});  //only works if "hello2.txt" exists
+   *       Deno.writeFileSync("hello3.txt", data, {mode: 0o777});  //set permissions on new file
+   *       Deno.writeFileSync("hello4.txt", data, {append: true});  //add data to the end of the file
    *
-   * Requires `allow-write` permission, and `allow-read` if create is `false`.
+   * Requires `allow-write` permission, and `allow-read` if `options.create` is
+   * `false`.
    */
   export function writeFileSync(
     path: string,
@@ -1452,14 +1642,17 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     options?: WriteFileOptions
   ): void;
 
-  /** Write data to the given path, by default creating a new file if needed,
+  /** Write `data` to the given `path`, by default creating a new file if needed,
    * else overwriting.
    *
    *       const encoder = new TextEncoder();
    *       const data = encoder.encode("Hello world\n");
-   *       await Deno.writeFile("hello.txt", data);
+   *       await Deno.writeFile("hello1.txt", data);  //overwrite "hello.txt" or create it
+   *       await Deno.writeFile("hello2.txt", data, {create: false});  //only works if "hello2.txt" exists
+   *       await Deno.writeFile("hello3.txt", data, {mode: 0o777});  //set permissions on new file
+   *       await Deno.writeFile("hello4.txt", data, {append: true});  //add data to the end of the file
    *
-   * Requires `allow-write` permission, and `allow-read` if create is `false`.
+   * Requires `allow-write` permission, and `allow-read` if `options.create` is `false`.
    */
   export function writeFile(
     path: string,
@@ -1620,16 +1813,34 @@ declare namespace Deno {
   }
 
   /** Synchronously truncates or extends the specified file, to reach the
-   * specified `len`.
+   * specified `len`.  If `len` is not specified then the entire file contents
+   * are truncated.
    *
-   *       Deno.truncateSync("hello.txt", 10);
+   *       //truncate the entire file
+   *       Deno.truncateSync("my_file.txt");
+   *
+   *       //truncate part of the file
+   *       const file = Deno.makeTempFileSync();
+   *       Deno.writeFileSync(file, new TextEncoder().encode("Hello World"));
+   *       Deno.truncateSync(file, 7);
+   *       const data = Deno.readFileSync(file);
+   *       console.log(new TextDecoder().decode(data));
    *
    * Requires `allow-write` permission. */
   export function truncateSync(name: string, len?: number): void;
 
-  /** Truncates or extends the specified file, to reach the specified `len`.
+  /** Truncates or extends the specified file, to reach the specified `len`. If
+   * `len` is not specified then the entire file contents are truncated.
    *
-   *       await Deno.truncate("hello.txt", 10);
+   *       //truncate the entire file
+   *       await Deno.truncate("my_file.txt");
+   *
+   *       //truncate part of the file
+   *       const file = await Deno.makeTempFile();
+   *       await Deno.writeFile(file, new TextEncoder().encode("Hello World"));
+   *       await Deno.truncate(file, 7);
+   *       const data = await Deno.readFile(file);
+   *       console.log(new TextDecoder().decode(data));  //"Hello W"
    *
    * Requires `allow-write` permission. */
   export function truncate(name: string, len?: number): Promise<void>;
@@ -1686,8 +1897,8 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     ReadWrite, // TODO(ry) panics on ReadWrite.
   }
 
-  /** **UNSTABLE**: Maybe should remove `how` parameter maybe remove
-   * `ShutdownMode` entirely.
+  /** **UNSTABLE**: Both the `how` parameter and `ShutdownMode` enum are under
+   * consideration for removal.
    *
    * Shutdown socket send and receive operations.
    *
@@ -1919,10 +2130,15 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     [rid: number]: string;
   }
 
-  /** **UNSTABLE**: reconsider return type.
+  /** **UNSTABLE**: The return type is under consideration and may change.
    *
-   * Returns a map of open _file like_ resource ids along with their string
-   * representations. */
+   * Returns a map of open _file like_ resource ids (rid) along with their string
+   * representations.
+   *
+   *       console.log(Deno.resources()); //e.g. { 0: "stdin", 1: "stdout", 2: "stderr" }
+   *       Deno.openSync('../test.file');
+   *       console.log(Deno.resources()); //e.g. { 0: "stdin", 1: "stdout", 2: "stderr", 3: "fsFile" }
+   */
   export function resources(): ResourceMap;
 
   /** **UNSTABLE**: new API. Needs docs. */
@@ -2032,7 +2248,8 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     stdin?: ProcessStdio | number;
   }
 
-  /** Spawns new subprocess.
+  /** Spawns new subprocess.  RunOptions must contain at a minimum the `opt.cmd`,
+   * an array of program arguments, the first of which is the binary.
    *
    * Subprocess uses same working directory as parent process unless `opt.cwd`
    * is specified.
@@ -2044,6 +2261,12 @@ declare namespace Deno {
    * `opt.stdout`, `opt.stderr` and `opt.stdin` can be specified independently -
    * they can be set to either `ProcessStdio` or `rid` of open file.
    *
+   * Details of the spawned process are returned.
+   *
+   *       const p = Deno.run({
+   *         cmd: ["echo", "hello"],
+   *       });
+   *
    * Requires `allow-run` permission. */
   export function run(opt: RunOptions): Process;
 
@@ -2612,7 +2835,10 @@ declare namespace Deno {
    *      }
    *
    * The above for-await loop exits after 5 seconds when `sig.dispose()` is
-   * called. */
+   * called.
+   *
+   * NOTE: This functionality is not yet implemented on Windows.
+   */
   export function signal(signo: number): SignalStream;
 
   /** **UNSTABLE**: new API, yet to be vetted. */