diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 205804abe4..ae4501c8dc 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1772,6 +1772,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "deno_core",
  "deno_permissions",
  "libloading 0.7.4",
+ "thiserror",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
diff --git a/ext/napi/Cargo.toml b/ext/napi/Cargo.toml
index 5405d6280c..68d281ccc6 100644
--- a/ext/napi/Cargo.toml
+++ b/ext/napi/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,3 +17,4 @@ path = "lib.rs"
 deno_core.workspace = true
 deno_permissions.workspace = true
 libloading = { version = "0.7" }
+thiserror.workspace = true
diff --git a/ext/napi/lib.rs b/ext/napi/lib.rs
index 4500c66fd4..0b2b3eb5e7 100644
--- a/ext/napi/lib.rs
+++ b/ext/napi/lib.rs
@@ -6,8 +6,6 @@
 #![deny(clippy::missing_safety_doc)]
 
 use core::ptr::NonNull;
-use deno_core::error::type_error;
-use deno_core::error::AnyError;
 use deno_core::op2;
 use deno_core::parking_lot::RwLock;
 use deno_core::url::Url;
@@ -20,6 +18,18 @@ use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 use std::thread_local;
 
+#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
+pub enum NApiError {
+  #[error("Invalid path")]
+  InvalidPath,
+  #[error(transparent)]
+  LibLoading(#[from] libloading::Error),
+  #[error("Unable to find register Node-API module at {}", .0.display())]
+  ModuleNotFound(PathBuf),
+  #[error(transparent)]
+  Permission(deno_core::error::AnyError),
+}
+
 #[cfg(unix)]
 use libloading::os::unix::*;
 
@@ -482,14 +492,20 @@ deno_core::extension!(deno_napi,
 
 pub trait NapiPermissions {
   #[must_use = "the resolved return value to mitigate time-of-check to time-of-use issues"]
-  fn check(&mut self, path: &str) -> std::result::Result<PathBuf, AnyError>;
+  fn check(
+    &mut self,
+    path: &str,
+  ) -> Result<PathBuf, deno_core::error::AnyError>;
 }
 
 // NOTE(bartlomieju): for now, NAPI uses `--allow-ffi` flag, but that might
 // change in the future.
 impl NapiPermissions for deno_permissions::PermissionsContainer {
   #[inline(always)]
-  fn check(&mut self, path: &str) -> Result<PathBuf, AnyError> {
+  fn check(
+    &mut self,
+    path: &str,
+  ) -> Result<PathBuf, deno_core::error::AnyError> {
     deno_permissions::PermissionsContainer::check_ffi(self, path)
   }
 }
@@ -512,7 +528,7 @@ fn op_napi_open<NP, 'scope>(
   global: v8::Local<'scope, v8::Object>,
   buffer_constructor: v8::Local<'scope, v8::Function>,
   report_error: v8::Local<'scope, v8::Function>,
-) -> std::result::Result<v8::Local<'scope, v8::Value>, AnyError>
+) -> Result<v8::Local<'scope, v8::Value>, NApiError>
 where
   NP: NapiPermissions + 'static,
 {
@@ -521,7 +537,7 @@ where
   let (async_work_sender, cleanup_hooks, external_ops_tracker, path) = {
     let mut op_state = op_state.borrow_mut();
     let permissions = op_state.borrow_mut::<NP>();
-    let path = permissions.check(&path)?;
+    let path = permissions.check(&path).map_err(NApiError::Permission)?;
     let napi_state = op_state.borrow::<NapiState>();
     (
       op_state.borrow::<V8CrossThreadTaskSpawner>().clone(),
@@ -540,7 +556,7 @@ where
   let type_tag = v8::Global::new(scope, type_tag);
 
   let url_filename =
-    Url::from_file_path(&path).map_err(|_| type_error("Invalid path"))?;
+    Url::from_file_path(&path).map_err(|_| NApiError::InvalidPath)?;
   let env_shared =
     EnvShared::new(napi_wrap, type_tag, format!("{url_filename}\0"));
 
@@ -565,17 +581,11 @@ where
 
   // SAFETY: opening a DLL calls dlopen
   #[cfg(unix)]
-  let library = match unsafe { Library::open(Some(&path), flags) } {
-    Ok(lib) => lib,
-    Err(e) => return Err(type_error(e.to_string())),
-  };
+  let library = unsafe { Library::open(Some(&path), flags) }?;
 
   // SAFETY: opening a DLL calls dlopen
   #[cfg(not(unix))]
-  let library = match unsafe { Library::load_with_flags(&path, flags) } {
-    Ok(lib) => lib,
-    Err(e) => return Err(type_error(e.to_string())),
-  };
+  let library = unsafe { Library::load_with_flags(&path, flags) }?;
 
   let maybe_module = MODULE_TO_REGISTER.with(|cell| {
     let mut slot = cell.borrow_mut();
@@ -610,10 +620,7 @@ where
     // SAFETY: we are going blind, calling the register function on the other side.
     unsafe { init(env_ptr, exports.into()) }
   } else {
-    return Err(type_error(format!(
-      "Unable to find register Node-API module at {}",
-      path.display()
-    )));
+    return Err(NApiError::ModuleNotFound(path));
   };
 
   let exports = maybe_exports.unwrap_or(exports.into());
diff --git a/runtime/errors.rs b/runtime/errors.rs
index 99de6beb04..935f62d264 100644
--- a/runtime/errors.rs
+++ b/runtime/errors.rs
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ use deno_ffi::StaticError;
 use deno_kv::KvCheckError;
 use deno_kv::KvError;
 use deno_kv::KvMutationError;
+use deno_napi::NApiError;
 use deno_net::ops::NetError;
 use deno_tls::TlsError;
 use deno_web::BlobError;
@@ -174,6 +175,15 @@ pub fn get_nix_error_class(error: &nix::Error) -> &'static str {
   }
 }
 
+fn get_napi_error_class(e: &NApiError) -> &'static str {
+  match e {
+    NApiError::InvalidPath
+    | NApiError::LibLoading(_)
+    | NApiError::ModuleNotFound(_) => "TypeError",
+    NApiError::Permission(e) => get_error_class_name(e).unwrap_or("Error"),
+  }
+}
+
 fn get_web_error_class(e: &WebError) -> &'static str {
   match e {
     WebError::Base64Decode => "DOMExceptionInvalidCharacterError",
@@ -443,6 +453,7 @@ pub fn get_error_class_name(e: &AnyError) -> Option<&'static str> {
   deno_core::error::get_custom_error_class(e)
     .or_else(|| deno_webgpu::error::get_error_class_name(e))
     .or_else(|| deno_websocket::get_network_error_class_name(e))
+    .or_else(|| e.downcast_ref::<NApiError>().map(get_napi_error_class))
     .or_else(|| e.downcast_ref::<WebError>().map(get_web_error_class))
     .or_else(|| {
       e.downcast_ref::<CompressionError>()