# Log

## Usage

```ts
import * as log from "https://deno.land/x/std/log/mod.ts";

// simple default logger, you can customize it
// by overriding logger and handler named "default"
log.debug("Hello world");
log.info("Hello world");
log.warning("Hello world");
log.error("Hello world");
log.critical("500 Internal server error");

// custom configuration
await log.setup({
  handlers: {
    console: new log.handlers.ConsoleHandler("DEBUG"),

    file: new log.handlers.FileHandler("WARNING", {
      filename: "./log.txt",
      // you can change format of output message
      formatter: "{levelName} {msg}"
    })
  },

  loggers: {
    // configure default logger available via short-hand methods above
    default: {
      level: "DEBUG",
      handlers: ["console", "file"]
    },

    tasks: {
      level: "ERROR",
      handlers: ["console"]
    }
  }
});

let logger;

// get default logger
logger = log.getLogger();
logger.debug("fizz"); // logs to `console`, because `file` handler requires "WARNING" level
logger.warning("buzz"); // logs to both `console` and `file` handlers

// get custom logger
logger = log.getLogger("tasks");
logger.debug("fizz"); // won't get output becase this logger has "ERROR" level
logger.error("buzz"); // log to `console`

// if you try to use a logger that hasn't been configured
// you're good to go, it gets created automatically with level set to 0
// so no message is logged
unknownLogger = log.getLogger("mystery");
unknownLogger.info("foobar"); // no-op
```

## Advanced usage

### Loggers

Loggers are objects that you interact with. When you use logger method it constructs a `LogRecord` and passes it down to its handlers for output. To create custom loggers speficify them in `loggers` when calling `log.setup`.

#### `LogRecord`

`LogRecord` is an object that encapsulates provided message and arguments as well some meta data that can be later used when formatting a message.

```ts
interface LogRecord {
  msg: string;
  args: any[];
  datetime: Date;
  level: number;
  levelName: string;
}
```

### Handlers

Handlers are responsible for actual output of log messages. When handler is called by logger it firstly checks that `LogRecord`'s level is not lower than level of the handler. If level check passes, handlers formats log record into string and outputs it to target.

`log` module comes with two built-in handlers:

- `ConsoleHandler` - (default)
- `FileHandler`

#### Custom message format

If you want to override default format of message you can define `formatter` option for handler. It can be either simple string-based format that uses `LogRecord` fields or more complicated function-based one that takes `LogRecord` as argument and outputs string.

Eg.

```ts
await log.setup({
  handlers: {
    stringFmt: new log.handlers.ConsoleHandler("DEBUG", {
      formatter: "[{levelName}] {msg}"
    }),

    functionFmt: new log.handlers.ConsoleHandler("DEBUG", {
      formatter: logRecord => {
        let msg = `{logRecord.level} {logRecord.msg}`;

        logRecord.args.forEach((arg, index) => {
          msg += `, arg{index}: {arg}`;
        });

        return msg;
      }
    }),
  },

  loggers: {
     default: {
         level: "DEBUG",
         handlers: ["stringFmt", "functionFmt"],
     },
  }
})

// calling
log.debug("Hello, world!", 1, "two", [3, 4, 5]);
// results in:
[DEBUG] Hello, world! // output from "stringFmt" handler
10 Hello, world!, arg0: 1, arg1: two, arg3: [3, 4, 5] // output from "functionFmt" formatter
```

#### Custom handlers

Custom handlers can be implemented by subclassing `BaseHandler` or `WriterHandler`.

`BaseHandler` is bare-bones handler that has no output logic at all,

`WriterHandler` is an abstract class that supports any target with `Writer` interface.

During setup async hooks `setup` and `destroy` are called, you can use them to open and close file/HTTP connection or any other action you might need.

For examples check source code of `FileHandler` and `TestHandler`.