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forgejo-docs/admin/actions.md

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---
layout: '~/layouts/Markdown.astro'
title: 'Forgejo Actions administrator guide'
license: 'CC-BY-SA-4.0'
---
`Forgejo Actions` provides continuous integration driven from the files in the `.forgejo/workflows` directory of a repository. It is still in beta and disabled by default. It can be activated by adding the following to `app.ini`:
```yaml
[actions]
ENABLED = true
```
`Forgejo` itself does not run the jobs, it relies on the [Forgejo runner](https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/runner) to do so.
# Default Actions URL
When `uses:` does not specify an absolution URL for the `Action`, the
value of `DEFAULT_ACTIONS_URL` is prepended to it.
```yaml
[actions]
ENABLED = true
DEFAULT_ACTIONS_URL = https://code.forgejo.org
```
The actions found at https://code.forgejo.org are:
- known to work with Forgejo Actions
- published under a Free Software license
They can be found in the following organizations:
- [General purpose actions](https://code.forgejo.org/actions)
- [Docker actions](https://code.forgejo.org/docker)
When setting `DEFAULT_ACTIONS_URL` to a Forgejo instance with an open
registration, **care must be taken to avoid name conflicts**. For
instance if an action has `uses: foo/bar@main` it will clone and try
to run the action found at `DEFAULT_ACTIONS_URL/foo/bar` if it exists,
even if it provides something different than what is expected.
# Forgejo runner
## Installation
Download the latest [binary release](https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/runner/releases) and verify their signature:
```shell
$ wget -O forgejo-runner https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/runner/releases/download/v2.1.0/forgejo-runner-amd64
$ chmod +x forgejo-runner
$ wget -O forgejo-runner.asc https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/runner/releases/download/v2.1.0/forgejo-runner-amd64.asc
$ gpg --keyserver keys.openpgp.org --recv EB114F5E6C0DC2BCDD183550A4B61A2DC5923710
$ gpg --verify forgejo-runner.asc forgejo-runner
Good signature from "Forgejo <contact@forgejo.org>"
aka "Forgejo Releases <release@forgejo.org>"
```
### Docker
For jobs to run in containers, the `Forgejo runner` needs access to [Docker](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/).
### LXC
For jobs to run in LXC containers, the `Forgejo runner` needs passwordless sudo access for all `lxc-*` commands on a Debian GNU/Linux `bookworm` system where [LXC](https://linuxcontainers.org/lxc/) is installed. The [LXC helpers](https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/lxc-helpers/) can be used as follows to create a suitable container:
```shell
$ git clone https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/lxc-helpers
$ sudo cp -a lxc-helpers/lxc-helpers{,-lib}.sh /usr/local/bin
$ lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_create myrunner
$ lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_start myrunner
$ lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_user_install forgejo-runners 1000 debian
```
> **NOTE:** Multiarch [Go](https://go.dev/) builds and [binfmt](https://github.com/tonistiigi/binfmt) need `bookworm` to produce and test binaries on a single machine for people who do not have access to dedicated hardware. If this is not needed, installing the `Forgejo runner` on `bullseye` will also work.
The `Forgejo runner` can then be installed and run within the `myrunner` container.
```shell
$ lxc-helpers.sh lxc_container_run forgejo-runners -- sudo --user debian bash
$ sudo apt-get install docker.io wget gnupg2
$ wget -O forgejo-runner https://code.forgejo.org/forgejo/runner/releases/download/v2.1.0/forgejo-runner-amd64
...
```
> **Warning:** LXC containers do not provide a level of security that makes them safe for potentially malicious users to run jobs. They provide an excellent isolation for jobs that may accidentally damage the system they run on.
## Registration
The `Forgejo runner` needs to connect to a `Forgejo` instance and must register itself before doing so. It will be given permission to read the repositories and send back information to `Forgejo` such as the logs or its status. A special kind of token is needed and can be obtained from the `Create new runner` button:
- in `/admin/runners` to gain access to all repositories.
- in `/org/{org}/settings/actions/runners` to gain access to all repositories within the organization.
- in `/user/settings/actions/runners` to gain access to all repositories of the logged in user
- in `/{owner}/{repository}/settings/actions/runners` to gain access to a single repository.
![add a runner](../../../../images/v1.20/user/actions/runners-add.png)
For instance, using a token obtained for a test repository from `next.forgejo.org`:
```shell
forgejo-runner register --no-interactive --token {TOKEN} --name runner --instance https://next.forgejo.org --labels docker:docker://node:16-bullseye,self-hosted
INFO Registering runner, arch=amd64, os=linux, version=2.1.0.
INFO Runner registered successfully.
```
It will create a `.runner` file that looks like:
```json
{
"WARNING": "This file is automatically generated. Do not edit.",
"id": 6,
"uuid": "fcd0095a-291c-420c-9de7-965e2ebaa3e8",
"name": "runner",
"token": "{TOKEN}",
"address": "https://next.forgejo.org",
"labels": ["docker:docker://node:16-bullseye", "self-hosted"]
}
```
## Configuration
The default configuration for the runner can be
displayed with `forgejo-runner generate-config`, stored in a
`config.yml` file, modified and used instead of the default with the
`--config` flag.
```yaml
$ forgejo-runner generate-config > config.yml
# Example configuration file, it's safe to copy this as the default config file without any modification.
log:
# The level of logging, can be trace, debug, info, warn, error, fatal
level: info
runner:
# Where to store the registration result.
file: .runner
# Execute how many tasks concurrently at the same time.
capacity: 1
# Extra environment variables to run jobs.
envs:
A_TEST_ENV_NAME_1: a_test_env_value_1
A_TEST_ENV_NAME_2: a_test_env_value_2
# Extra environment variables to run jobs from a file.
# It will be ignored if it's empty or the file doesn't exist.
env_file: .env
# The timeout for a job to be finished.
# Please note that the Forgejo instance also has a timeout (3h by default) for the job.
# So the job could be stopped by the Forgejo instance if it's timeout is shorter than this.
timeout: 3h
# Whether skip verifying the TLS certificate of the Forgejo instance.
insecure: false
# The timeout for fetching the job from the Forgejo instance.
fetch_timeout: 5s
# The interval for fetching the job from the Forgejo instance.
fetch_interval: 2s
# The labels of a runner are used to determine which jobs the runner can run, and how to run them.
# Like: ["macos-arm64:host", "ubuntu-latest:docker://node:16-bullseye", "ubuntu-22.04:docker://node:16-bullseye"]
# If it's empty when registering, it will ask for inputting labels.
# If it's empty when execute `deamon`, will use labels in `.runner` file.
labels: []
cache:
# Enable cache server to use actions/cache.
enabled: true
# The directory to store the cache data.
# If it's empty, the cache data will be stored in $HOME/.cache/actcache.
dir: ""
# The host of the cache server.
# It's not for the address to listen, but the address to connect from job containers.
# So 0.0.0.0 is a bad choice, leave it empty to detect automatically.
host: ""
# The port of the cache server.
# 0 means to use a random available port.
port: 0
container:
# Specifies the network to which the container will connect.
# Could be host, bridge or the name of a custom network.
# If it's empty, create a network automatically.
network: ""
# Whether to use privileged mode or not when launching task containers (privileged mode is required for Docker-in-Docker).
privileged: false
# And other options to be used when the container is started (eg, --add-host=my.forgejo.url:host-gateway).
options:
# The parent directory of a job's working directory.
# If it's empty, /workspace will be used.
workdir_parent:
# Volumes (including bind mounts) can be mounted to containers. Glob syntax is supported, see https://github.com/gobwas/glob
# You can specify multiple volumes. If the sequence is empty, no volumes can be mounted.
# For example, if you only allow containers to mount the `data` volume and all the json files in `/src`, you should change the config to:
# valid_volumes:
# - data
# - /src/*.json
# If you want to allow any volume, please use the following configuration:
# valid_volumes:
# - '**'
valid_volumes: []
# overrides the docker client host with the specified one.
# If it's empty, act_runner will find an available docker host automatically.
# If it's "-", act_runner will find an available docker host automatically, but the docker host won't be mounted to the job containers and service containers.
# If it's not empty or "-", the specified docker host will be used. An error will be returned if it doesn't work.
docker_host: ""
host:
# The parent directory of a job's working directory.
# If it's empty, $HOME/.cache/act/ will be used.
workdir_parent:
```
## Running the daemon
Once the `Forgejo runner` is successfully registered, it can be run from the directory in which the `.runner` file is found with:
```shell
$ forgejo-runner daemon
INFO[0000] Starting runner daemon
```
To verify it is actually available for the targeted repository, go to `/{owner}/{repository}/settings/actions/runners`. It will show the runners:
- dedicated to the repository with the **repo** type
- available to all repositories within an organization or a user
- available to all repositories, with the **Global** type
![list the runners](../../../../images/v1.20/user/actions/list-of-runners.png)
Adding the `.forgejo/workflows/demo.yaml` file to the test repository:
```yaml
on: [push]
jobs:
test:
runs-on: docker
steps:
- run: echo All Good
```
Will send a job request to the `Forgejo runner` that will display logs such as:
```shell
...
INFO[2023-05-28T18:54:53+02:00] task 29 repo is earl-warren/test https://code.forgejo.org https://next.forgejo.org
...
[/test] [DEBUG] Working directory '/workspace/earl-warren/test'
| All Good
[/test] ✅ Success - Main echo All Good
```
It will also show a similar output in the `Actions` tab of the repository.
If no `Forgejo runner` is available, `Forgejo` will wait for one to connect and submit the job as soon as it is available.
## Labels and `runs-on`
The workflows / tasks defined in the files found in `.forgejo/workflows` must specify the environment they need to run with `runs-on`. Each `Forgejo runner` declares with **labels** which one they support so `Forgejo` knows sends them tasks accordingly. For instance if a job within a workflow has:
```yaml
runs-on: docker
```
it will be submitted to a runner that registered with a `docker` label (for instance with `--labels docker:docker://node:16-bullseye`).
### Docker
If `runs-on` is matched to a label that contains `docker://`, the rest of it is interpreted as the default container image to use if no other is specified. The runner will execute all the steps, as root, within a container created from that image.
### LXC
If `runs-on` is `self-hosted`, the runner will execute all the steps, as root, within a Debian GNU/Linux `bullseye` LXC container.
## Host environment
Certain hosts may require specific configurations for runners to work smoothly. Anything specific to these host environments can be found below.
### NixOS
The `gitea-actions-runner` recipe was released in NixOS 23.05. It can be configured via `services.gitea-actions-runner`.
Please note that the `services.gitea-actions-runner.instances.<name>.labels` key may be set to `[]` (an empty list) to use the packaged Forgejo instance list. One of `virtualisation.docker.enable` or `virtualisation.podman.enable` will need to be set. The default Forgejo image list is populated with docker images.
#### IPv6 on docker
IPv6 support is not enabled by default in docker. The following snippet enables this.
```nix
virtualisation.docker = {
daemon.settings = {
fixed-cidr-v6 = "fd00::/80";
ipv6 = true;
};
};
```